Calcium in urine is a vital biomarker for assessing kidney health, bone metabolism, and calcium balance. While normal levels indicate proper calcium regulation, abnormalities may signal risks for kidney stones, bone loss, or metabolic disorders. Regular monitoring and targeted interventions, such as dietary adjustments or medical treatment, can help maintain optimal calcium levels and prevent complications.
Testing for urinary calcium helps diagnose and monitor conditions that affect calcium metabolism, kidney function, and bone health. Here’s why this biomarker is important:
1. Normal Calcium Levels in Urine:
- The normal range for calcium in urine is approximately 100–300 mg/day for adults, but this can vary based on diet, age, and overall health. This is measure by Welleys in mmol/l with a range of 0 mmol/l to over 10 mmol/l.
2. High Calcium in Urine (Hypercalciuria):
- Kidney Stones: Elevated urinary calcium is a common risk factor for calcium-based kidney stones.
- Bone Resorption: Conditions like osteoporosis or hyperparathyroidism can cause excessive calcium to leach from bones, leading to higher urinary calcium levels.
- Excessive Dietary Calcium or Vitamin D: Over-supplementation of calcium or vitamin D can increase calcium excretion.
- Metabolic Disorders: Hypercalciuria can result from conditions like hyperparathyroidism, sarcoidosis, or Cushing’s syndrome.
3. Low Calcium in Urine (Hypocalciuria):
- Low Dietary Calcium or Vitamin D Deficiency: Insufficient intake of calcium or vitamin D can reduce calcium excretion in urine.
- Kidney Disorders: Certain kidney conditions, like chronic kidney disease, may impair calcium filtration or reabsorption.
- Parathyroid Disorders: Underactive parathyroid glands (hypoparathyroidism) can lead to lower calcium levels in urine.