Ketones are chemicals produced by the liver when your body breaks down fat for energy instead of using carbohydrates (glucose). This process, called ketogenesis, occurs when glucose levels are low, such as during fasting, prolonged exercise, or carbohydrate-restricted diets. Ketones are normally present in very small amounts in urine, but elevated levels can signal that the body is relying heavily on fat for fuel.
When ketones are detected in urine at higher levels, it may indicate changes in energy metabolism or an underlying condition, such as diabetes or starvation. Measuring ketones in urine helps assess metabolic health and can provide insights into diet, exercise, and disease management.