Nitrites in urine are a reliable biomarker for diagnosing bacterial UTIs caused by nitrate-reducing bacteria like E. coli. While nitrites are typically absent in healthy urine, their presence strongly suggests an infection in the urinary system. Early detection allows for prompt treatment, reducing the risk of complications such as kidney infections. Regular testing and proper management are especially critical for high-risk groups, such as pregnant individuals and those with recurrent UTIs.
- Bacterial Presence
- A positive nitrite test strongly suggests a bacterial UTI, particularly caused by nitrate-reducing bacteria like E. coli.
- Severity and Location
- While the presence of nitrites indicates a UTI, further testing (such as a urine culture) may be required to determine the specific bacteria and whether the infection is localized to the bladder (cystitis) or has spread to the kidneys (pyelonephritis).
- Combination with Other Markers
- Nitrite testing is often done alongside leukocyte esterase testing (indicating white blood cells in urine). A positive result for both nitrites and leukocyte esterase provides strong evidence of a UTI.